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INDONESIA
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 08544425     EISSN : 2338834X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 16 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue " Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA" : 16 Documents clear
Klon-klon Kentang Transgenik Hasil Persilangan Terseleksi Tahan terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Phytophthora infestans Tanpa Penyemprotan Fungisida di Empat Lapangan Uji Terbatas Ambarwati, Alberta Dinar; ,, Kusmana; Listanto, Edy
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2191

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe use of resistant varieties is an appropriate alternative in controlling the late blight, a major diseases on potato, caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans. The development of late blight resistant potato was done through hybridization between non-transgenic Atlantic or Granola with RB transgenic Katahdin SP904 and SP951. The hybrid clones which have been positively contained the RB gene were evaluated for the resistance to P. infestans in four Confined Field Trials (CFTs) i.e. Pasir Sarongge (2008), Lembang (2009-2010), Pangalengan (2010-2011) and Banjarnegara (2011-2012). There are twelve selected hybrid clones which were resistant to P. infestans both in each location of CFT or in four locations were obtained. These clones consist of five clones from crosses of Atlantic and trangenic Katahdin SP951 (B35, B169, B163, B11, B162) and seven clones from crosses of Granola and transgenic Katahdin SP951 (D76, D12, D25, D48, D38, D37, D15). The selected hybrid clones showed resistance to P. infestans until 14 to 18 days after infection or about 40 to 45 days after planting, in the absence of fungicide spraying. The hybrid clones had a resistance score varied from 7,65 to 8,23 and were significantly different from the parents Atlantic and Granola, with a resistance score of 3,6 and 3,45, respectively. This was also supported by AUDPC values, which showed that AUDPC of the hybrid clones were in the range between Atlantic or Granola and transgewnic Katahdin SP951. This indicate that the resistance level of the hybrid clones is in the range between susceptible and resistant check. The resistant hybrid clones are valuable genetic resources for late blight resistance breeding programs, particularly in reducing  the frequency of fungicide applications. Keywords : transgenic potato, hybrid clones, Phytophthora infestans, confined field trial 
Optimasi Enzim ?-Amilase dari Bacillus amyloliquefaciens O1 yang Diinduksi Substrat Dedak Padi dan Karboksimetilselulosa Soeka, Yati Sudaryati; Rahmansyah, Maman; ., Sulistiani
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1523.768 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2200

Abstract

 ABSTRACTBacterial code O1 had been isolated from the leaven of fermented cassava. Based on molecular analysis by partial sequences of 16S rDNA and the phylogenetic character interpretation with Neighbor Joining Method, the strain was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens O1. Bacterial enzymatic activity of ?-amylase was clarified due to the affect of temperature and pH, and as well as its enzymatic stability to convert 2% soluble starch in 100 ml standard media. Aim of the study was to provide benefit in regard on ?-amylase application as crude enzyme extract from the bacteria. In this study, the bacterial strain was being activated to produce ?-amylase by modifying substrates containing cassava starch, rice bran (RB), and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in five times volumes (500 mL) of the first scale setting in the standard media.  The result, reducing sugar as a result of enzymatic activity process increased 40 and 55 times in the modified media containing RB and CMC, respectively after 24 hours incubation. In the next 24 hours observation, enzyme activity in bacterial culture based on the RB media was able to degrade amylum in the muslin material containing amylum which was plunged in the media, 1.23 times higher compared to bacterial culture based on the CMC media. Media formula used in the study was able to induce extracellular enzyme activity as well as bacterial culture growth. Keywords: ?-amylase, Bacillus amiloliquefaciens, rice bran, carboxymethylcellulose 
Kemampuan Cerna Protein dan Energi Metabolisme Perkici Pelangi Trichoglossus haematodus Rachmatika, Rini; Sari, Andri Permata
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2199

Abstract

ABSTRACTProtein  is  one  of  the  important  aspects  in  animal  feed  to fulfill basic needs and stimulate reproduction behaviors. The aims of this research were to determine food preferences and observe digestibility of protein in rainbow lorikeet. This research consisted of two experiments, which were 1 week of preliminary study and 4 weeks for data collection. Studies were carried out using two 4-month-aged rainbow lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus). The birds were kept individually in metabolism cage (86 x 42 x 53 cm) and  treated with 5 different protein sources consisting quail’s egg (A), soybean meal (B), koi fish pellet (C), milk 7% (D), and milk 13% (E). The diets were then offered to the birds ad libitum in the form of mashes, and sweet corn served separately. Variables observed include dry matter consumption, apparent metabolizable energy  value,  and  apparent  digestibility  of protein  value.  Feed  intake  of  soybean meal  mashes  was  higher  than  the  others.  From the calculation, AME of milk 7%  mashes was the highest (49.27 cal/g), and AME of soybean meal  mashes was the lowest (38.07 cal/g). ADP of soybean meal mashes was highest (87.88 %) compared to the others. Keywords: rainbow lorikeet, apparent metabolizable energy, apparent digestibility protein 
Populasi dan Kesesuaian Habitat Langkap (Arenga obtusifolia Mart.) di Cagar Alam Leuweung Sancang, Jawa Barat Usmadi, Didi; Hikmat, Agus; Witono, Joko Ridho; Prasetyo, Lilik Budi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1307.549 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2194

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe growth and regeneration of langkap in natural habitat is very fast and has invasive tendencies. The aim of study was to analyze the population and population structure of langkap in Leuweung Sancang Nature Reserve, and build spatial models of habitat suitability langkap in Leuweung Sancang Nature Reserve. Data were collected using a sampling method with a number of plots along the transect line. Langkap has become the dominant species in Leuweung Sancang Nature Reserve on saplings and pole with population structure shows an normally structure population. Analysis of spatial modelling on habitat suitability of langkap through binary logistic regression with independent variables in the form of the Forest Canopy Density (FCD), slope, distance from the river and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) has been able to predict habitat suitability of langkap in Leuweung Sancang Nature Reserve, i.e. 61,10% of the Leuweung Sancang Nature Reserve suitable as habitat langkap and 38,90% of the Leuweung Sancang Nature Reserve is not suitable as habitat langkap. Keywords: Langkap, Arenga obtusifolia, habitat suitability, spatial modeling, Leuweung Sancang Nature Reserve. 
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrolyzing Yeast Isolated from South East Sulawesi, Indonesia Kanti, Atit
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2203

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe objective of study was to isolate, identify and characterize the CMC-ase producing yeast from South East Sulawesi, Indonesia.  We isolated 142 strains and obtain 53 strains (37.32%) were CMC-ase producer consist of 26 species residing within 10 genera.  Candida was the most diverse genus consisting of 15 species. It is important to note that several strains residing within this genus could be candidate for new taxa, among others Candida aff. cylindracea PL2W1, Candida aff. insectorum PL3W6, Candida aff. friedrichii  MKL7W3, Candida aff. lessepsii, Candida aff. tenuis.  Five new candidates for novel species of cellulolytic yeast close to Yamadazyma mexicana: were Yamadazyma aff. mexicana (5 strains). Pichia, Pseudozyma, Sporodiobolus, and Sporobolomyces were other cellulolytic yeasts found in South East Sulawesi.  It is obvious, that leaf litter was a good source for cellulolytic yeasts. This CMC-ase producing yeasts dominate this biome, and production of extracellular cellulase is critical strategy for such yeast to survive in cellulose rich ecosystem such as leaf-litter.  This finding would suggest that yeasts play key role on hydrolyzes of cellulose and important resources for sustainable energy research. Keywords: cellulolytic yeasts, secondary forest, South East Sulawesi, leaf-litter 
Identification of Bioactive Compound from Microalga BTM 11 as Hepatitis C Virus RNA Helicase Inhibitor Mustopa, Apon Zaenal; Umami, Rifqiyah Nur; Putri, Prabawati Hyunita; Susilaningsih, Dwi; Farida, Hilda
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1133.514 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2198

Abstract

ABSTRACTHepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major causative agent of chronic liver disease. Recently, the inhibition of NS3 RNA helicase/ATPase activity is being explored as the specifically targeted antiviral therapy (STAT) against HCV infection. This study was aimed to elucidate potential candidates for anti-HCV therapy derived from Indonesian indigenous microalgae. The microalga designated as BTM 11 was isolated and cultured. Methanol extract of BTM 11 was screened as the opponent of purified HCV NS3 RNA helicase enzyme through colorimetric ATPase assay. Screening of chemical compound and fractionation by using gel filtration chromatography with eluent of methanol : chloroform (1:99) were conducted for identification and isolation of the bioactive compounds. The third fraction of fractionated sample showed a relatively strong ATPase inhibitory effect (81.23 ± 2.25 %) compared to the negative control. Further analysis of third fraction using thin layer chromatography (TLC) with eluent of chloroform : methanol (9:2) gave two spots with the Rf value of 0.8 and 0.37, respectively. In addition, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed absorption peak with the highest abundance at the retention time of 12.483 and 16.617 minutes which absorbed at 266 and 230 nm wavelenght, respectively. According to those analyses, this study suggests that bioactive compounds derived from BTM 11 were classified as the groups of flavonoids and feasible as potential candidates for anti-HCV therapy through the inhibitory effect of NS3 RNA helicase/ATPase activity. Keywords: Hepatitis C Virus, NS3 RNA helicase, ATPase, Microalga, Flavonoids 
Mating behavior of Slow Loris (Nycticebus coucang) at Captivity Farida, Wartika Rosa; Sari, Andri Permata
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2678.313 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2205

Abstract

TULISAN PENDEK 
Efikasi Vaksin Inaktif Bivalen Avian Influenza Virus Subtipe H5N1 (Clade 2.1.3. dan Clade 2.3.2) di Indonesia Dharmayanti, NLP Indi; Indriani, Risa
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1108.821 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2190

Abstract

ABSTRACTStatus of avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 in Indonesia until 2014 is still endemic in poultry and recorded, there were two types clade of circulating H5N1 namely clade 2.1.3 and the new introduction of lade 2.3.2 since the end of 2012. Both of the clade of avian influenza viruses subtype H5N1 (clade 2.1.3 and 2.3.2) caused the the  AI vaccination program to control of AI in poultry needs to be evaluated.  In this study, we developed a bivalent AI vaccine (which contains clade 2.1.3 and 2.3.2 viruses as a seed vaccine) that   adapted with  the circulation of AI viruses in the field. Result of the study showed that the bivalent vaccine which developed in this study has good efficacy that was challanged with both of AI clade AI and proven to reduce shedding / viral contamination to the environment. It is expected that  the development of bivalent H5N1 vaccine will increase the effectiveness and efficacy of vaccination programs to control highly pathogenic avian influenza disease in Indonesia. Keywords : avian influenza virus, clade, vaccine, bivalent 
Identifikasi Molekular dan Karakterisasi Morfo-Fisiologi Actinomycetes Penghasil Senyawa Antimikroba Nurkanto, Arif; Agusta, Andria
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2193

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe objectives of study were to identify antimicrobial producing Actinomycetes using 16S rDNA analyses and morphology and physiology characteristics. Eight Actinomycetes strain with the higest antibacterial and antifungal activity were selected and identified using six primers (20F, 520F, 920F, 1500R, 920R, and 520R). Morphological observation and physiology analyses were performed to the selected strain to accurately identify the strains. Morphological characters observed were aerial mycelium, spore chain, colony form, and pigment production. Physiological characterizations were antimicrobial properties, growth temperature, pH tolerance, salinity concentration for growth, sugars assimilation, and some enzymes production (arginine dihydrolase, urease, ß-glucosidase, protease, ß-galactosidase). Based on homology search by BLAST program and phylogenetic tree analyses, all of isolates were identified as the genus Streptomyces. They belong to eight different spesies. Isolates RC-SS-37-4, RC-SS-37-16 and BL-22-3 have been identified as Streptomyces costaricanus (100 %), Streptomyces costaricanus (99.8 %) and Streptomyces parvulus (98.6 %), respectively. Five isolates were identified as Streptomyces spp. (BL-36-1, BL-20-2, BL-14-2, BL-22-1 and BL-06-5) and can be presumed as new species because of the low homology value to their closest related spesies. Keywords : actinomycetes, antimicrobial, morphology, phylogenetic, physiology, 16S rRNA gene. 
Penanda Genetik Tarsius (Tarsius spp.) dengan Menggunakan Gen Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) DNA Mitokondria (mtDNA) Melalui Metode Sekuensing ,, Wirdateti; Wulandari, Sri Wijayanti; Kuswandi, Paramita Cahyaningrum
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (972.171 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i2.2202

Abstract

ABSTRACTTarsier (Tarsius spp.) are the smallest primates in the world. Currently there are 10 species, of which 9 species are distributed in Indonesia and 8 species of them are endemic to Sulawesi. Morphologically  the Sulawesi spesies are almost similar. This research is aimed to identify the use of Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene as a genetic marker on Tarsius spp. for conservation purposes. Sixteen individuals consisted of 10 Tarsius bancanus, 4 Tarsius sp., 1 Tarsius wallacei , and 1 Tarsius sangirensis were collected from various places and analysed using COI gene. The results showed  there were 238 different sites of nucleotides and 159 sites of amino acids from the total amount of 838 bp. The genetic distance by Kimura-2 parameter showed the highest value was 26% while the lowest was 0%. The average genetic distance was 11,5%. Phylogenetic tree constructed by Neighbour-Joining method based on nucleotides sequence showed that the COI gene could be used as a genetic marker to differentiate among Tarsius spp. but could not be used as a clear marker for tarsiers in Sulawesi. Based on the analysis, there is a high value of genetic variation among Tarsius spp. with much lower genetic variation in Western Tarsier population compared to Eastern Tarsier. Keyword: Genetic marker, tarsier, COI, DNA mitochondria, conservation 

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